Certainly, he dominates the last two hundred years in the sense that – although few philosophers today are strictly speaking Kantians – his influence is everywhere.
Immanuel Kant is often said to have been the greatest philosopher since the Greeks.
The Problem of the Unity of Philosophy and its Supersensible Objects. The Final Purpose and Kant’s Moral Argument for the Existence of God. ‘The Peculiarity of the Human Understanding’. Idealism, Morality and the Supersensible. The Central Problems of the Critique of Judgment. For these two reasons, Kant claims he can demonstrate that the physical and moral universes – and the philosophies and forms of thought that present them – are not only compatible, but unified. Kant believes he can show that aesthetic judgment is not fundamentally different from ordinary theoretical cognition of nature, and he believes he can show that aesthetic judgment has a deep similarity to moral judgment. They can also be read together to form a brief bird’s-eye-view of Kant’s theory of aesthetics and teleology. These will give the reader an idea of what topics are discussed in more detail in each section. After the Introduction, each of the above sections commences with a summary. In his works on aesthetics and teleology, he argues that it is our faculty of judgment that enables us to have experience of beauty and grasp those experiences as part of an ordered, natural world with purpose. Like many Enlightenment thinkers, he holds our mental faculty of reason in high esteem he believes that it is our reason that invests the world we experience with structure. Baumgarten made a great contribution to the development of philosophical terminology he made wide use of the terms “subjective” and “objective,” “in itself” and “for itself,” the introduction of which has often been mistakenly attributed to Kant.Immanuel Kant is an 18th century German philosopher whose work initated dramatic changes in the fields of epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, aesthetics, and teleology. The consideration of aesthetic phenomena from the point of view of the theory of knowledge, which was first done by Baumgarten, had a special importance for the subsequent development of German classical aesthetics. He maintained that the perfection or beauty of a phenomenon lies in the harmonious agreement of three basic elements-content, order, and expression. The latter at the same time seemed to Baumgarten to be a theory of the beautiful inasmuch as the sensory, indistinct perception of perfection was connected by him with pleasure in the beautiful. In the field of gnoseology, following the German thinkers Leibniz and Wolff, he distinguished between higher (rational) knowledge-the subject of logic-and lower (sense-derived) knowledge, the theory of which Baumgarten was the first to call aesthetics. 
Originator of aesthetics as an independent philosophical discipline.īaumgarten was a professor at the University of Frankfurt an der Oder. German philosopher belonging to the school of C. Born June 17, 1714, in Berlin died May 26, 1762, in Frankfurt an der Oder.
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